Basics of Git and GitHub for beginners.

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This is the beginning of "HOW" part of version control systems. To check out the "WHY" part, visit my blog for day8.

1. What is Git and why is it important?

Git is a distributed version control system. It is used in software development process to make version management and software-code management simple and developers life easy as rolling back-and-forth between versions/branches of code is just few commands away.
Git is important as it keeps track of each and every change made in a project. It provides certain features like:
- Collaborative working
- Branching
- Roll back & forth among versions
In summary, Git is a tool of great convenience for software development and maintenance.
To know more on "WHY Git is important", checkout my previous blog.

The difference between master and main branch on GitHub is solely a matter of naming convention, i.e. it's the same thing earlier called "xyz" is now called "abc".
Upon digging a bit, I encountered some writings which mentioned the inflection of the "master" branch as the MASTER to some SLAVE branches leading to a cultural conflicts. It is said to have caught decent attention of developers back when it happened. This could be one reason for the change. (source)
The main/master branch represents the central line of development in a repository.
It is the reference line to track software software on various branches made and merged/deleted after making changes to it.

Git	GitHub
It is a version control system (a software) used to manage and track a software.	It is a web-based platform that uses Git(a VCS) to for version control.
It is Free and Open Source Software.	It is a proprietary hosting platform/service.
Installed locally on your machine.	Being web-based, it cannot be installed locally. Need an account though.
Used to track code locally.	Host the Git repositories online and make available for collaborative/private use.

repository : a place or a container which can holding something in large quantities

git respository : a repository which is being version-controlled using GIT

It is located on the working machine where a developer may be working on a project. Could be your laptop, PC, office-computer, etc.
To check if a project is using git for version control, check if it has a hidden folder named .git in it's root directory. It it exists, it is using Git.

A remote repository is just a Git repository hosted on some network on a distant machine.
It comes into play when collaborative work is required OR when you intend to share your work with others.

Enter the following command by navigating to the local git repository.
The link_to_remote_repo ends in '.git'. We have done it while creating a repository on GitHub in my previous blog.
- ```
  git remote add origin <link_to_remote_repo>
```
To check if a local repository is connected to a remote repository or not, type the following command:
```
    git remote -v
```

git config --global user.name "username"
git config --global user.email "id@gmail.com"